http://ir.mksu.ac.ke/handle/123456780/5967 2026-04-09T07:26:05Z http://ir.mksu.ac.ke/handle/123456780/6377 Structural Dynamics Paz, Mario; Kim, Young Hoon The basic structure of the five previous editions is still maintained in this Sixth Edition. After the release of the Fifth Edition in 2004, academic and industrial environments have been changed, although the fundamentals have not changed over 15 years. When the author started to teach structural dynamics since 2011, the most challenging part as an instructor has been to present how students can solve and simulate the structural dynamics using the computer program. There is a limited information available to show how we can solve structural dynamics in finite element method–based commercial software. When understanding the background of undergraduate and graduate students who are first exposed to structural dynamics, the fundamentals are mainly considered as core content. The author believes that a line-by-line computer language is a helpful learning and teaching tool for its application of fundamentals. This is the major motivation of the revision of this textbook. This revised textbook intends to provide enhanced learning materials for students to learn structural dynamics, ranging from basics to advanced topics, including their application. When a line-by-line programming language is included with solved problems, students can learn course materials easily and visualize the solved problems using a program. Among several programming languages, MATLAB® has been adopted by many academic institutions across several disciplines. Many educators and students in the USA and many international institutions can readily access MATLAB®, which has an appropriate programming language to solve and simulate problems in the textbook. It effectively allows matrix manipulations and plotting of data. Therefore, multi-degree-of-freedom problems can be solved in conjunction with the finite element method using MATLAB®. As of 2018, SAP2000 presented in the Fifth Edition is currently outdated, at least regarding user interface procedure. The revision author Young Hoon Kim still believes that SAP2000 includes routines for the analysis and design of structures with linear or nonlinear behavior subjected to static or dynamics loads. However, in this edition exclusion of SAP2000 is necessary to minimize the learner’s confusion to link between contents and solving with the aid of computer programming language. The author still believes that SAP2000 can be one of the best tools to solve structural analysis and structural dynamics in complex systems. Practical engineers who are eager to use commercial software can learn from many other textbooks available in the market. 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z http://ir.mksu.ac.ke/handle/123456780/6374 Robotics Mihelj, Matjaž; Bajd, Tadej; Ude, Aleš; Lenarčič, Jadran; Stanovnik, Aleš; Munih, Marko; Rejc, Jure; Šlajpah, Sebastjan is perhaps difficult to agree on what a robot is, but most people working in robotics would probably quote the “Father of Robotics”, Joseph F. Engelberger (1925–2015), a pioneer in industrial robotics, stating “I can’t define a robot, but I know one when I see one”. The word robot does not originate from a scientific or engineering vocabulary, but was first used in the Czech drama “R.U.R.” (Rossum’s Universal Robots) by Karel Čapek, that was first played in Prague in 1921. The word itself was invented by his brother Josef. In the drama the robot is an artificial human being which is a brilliant worker, deprived of all “unnecessary qualities”, such as emotions, creativity, and the capacity for feeling pain. In the prologue of the drama the following definition of robots is given: “Robots are not people (Roboti nejsou lidé). They are mechanically more perfect than we are, they have an astounding intellectual capacity, but they have no soul. The creation of an engineer is technically more refined than the product of nature”. The book Robotics evolved through decades of teaching robotics at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, where the first textbook on industrial robotics was published in 1980 (A. Kralj and T. Bajd, “Industrijska robotika”). The way of presenting this rather demanding subject was successfully tested with several generations of undergraduate students. The second edition of the book continues the legacy of the first edition that won the Outstanding Academic Title distinction from the library magazine CHOICE in 2011. The major feature of the book remains its simplicity. The introductory chapter now comprehensively covers different robot classes with the main focus on industrial robots. The position, orientation, and displacement of an object are described by homogenous transformation matrices. These matrices, which are the basis for any analysis of robot mechanisms, are introduced through simple geometrical reasoning. Geometrical models of the robot mechanism are explained with the help of an original, user-friendly vector description. With the world of the roboticist being six-dimensional, orientation of robot end effectors received more attention in this edition. 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z http://ir.mksu.ac.ke/handle/123456780/6372 Optimization of Process Flowsheets through Metaheuristic Techniques Ponce-Ortega, José María; Hernández-Pérez, Luis Germán This book presents a general framework to implement a link between process simulators and optimization through metaheuristic techniques. The book describes step-by- step the methodology to implement this link for different process simulators and with different metaheuristic methods. The aim of this book is to provide the readers the needed knowledge to implement optimizations of process flowsheets through links between process simulators and metaheuristic approaches. This way, basic knowledge about simulation through process simulators is needed. To implement this link between process simulation and metaheuristic techniques, the approach is divided into three fundamental sections: process simulation, metaheuristic algorithm, and implementation of the link between process simulation and optimization, which are described in the following chapters. Chapter 1 presents some basic concepts needed. Chapter 2 presents an introduction about the general concepts that are involved in the process simulation and the main commercial software currently available to efficiently carry out this function. Chapter 2 also presents the basics about the management to manipulate simulations of chemical and industrial processes. Chapter 3 presents an introduction about metaheuristic optimization methods, which can be then included in the link to process simulators and optimization. Chapter 4 explains how to implement the link between the process simulators and optimization programs containing metaheuristic techniques, which correspond to the optimization of the flowsheet of the simulation of the process to be optimized. Chapter 4 also presents a detailed explanation of the presented methodology to implement the link between process simulators and optimization, which corresponds to the linking of programs. This part of the book is the main contribution of the proposed methodology. For its better understanding, the steps of the proposed methodology are first explained. Then, the needed code is provided to implement the appropriate link between simulation software and stochastic algorithms. For this purpose, the sequence to be followed is mentioned step by step, indicating how to call the needed variables. 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z http://ir.mksu.ac.ke/handle/123456780/6366 Fundamentals of Solid State Engineering Razeghi, Manijeh Learning from Nature: Structure of Matter – Atoms Nature is the best innovator and teacher. Scientists know for a while now that all matter consists of atoms. The atom is the smallest part of any material element. So when we look around us and observe the material world, we know that these natural colors we see are the light emitted by atoms. But atoms consist of nuclei surrounded by clouds of electron and the light particles they emit are what we call the quanta of light or photons. At the end of the last century, we learned from the great physicist James Clerk Maxwell that light, and its individual quanta, the photons are electromagnetic waves emanating from atomic emission or more generally from oscillating charges. Electrons undergo a transition from a higher to a lower orbit in an atom that emits light and conversely can also absorb light. The detail of this transition determines the energy or wavelength of the light. This includes the entire spectrum of light from gamma rays to UV to visible and to the invisible infrared (IR) rays down to the THz. Our eyes can see only a small part of the total photonic spectrum, from 300 to 700 nm in wavelength. So it is understandable that one of the first and primary aims of physicists was to try making instrumentation in order to see the rest of the spectrum as well, using artificial eyes. These electronic eyes are made by materials engineering. Indeed this has been achieved now to a great extent, and the progress is so important that artificial eyes covering a much larger range of photonic energies are being made and are constantly being improved. This progress was acquired by first developing a deep understanding of the workings of atoms. In fact one can say that the last century was the century of exploring the atom and mastering the science of materials. The next century will be the century of genes and biological cells. 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z