Physiology and Quality Characteristics of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Fruit Grown under Water Deficit Conditions
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Date
2008Author
Madigu, N.O.
Mathooko, F. M
Onyango, C. A
Kahangi, E.M.
Owino, W. O
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This study aimed at understanding the quality characteristics of mango
(Mangifera indica L. cv. ‘Tommy Atkins’) fruit from trees subjected to water stress
(non-irrigated) during the first phase of growth (up to 42 days after bloom). Selected
physico-chemical and physiological parameters were monitored at two weeks
interval from fruit set up to 168 days after bloom. Fruit weight and starch content
increased steadily with time and slowed down towards fruit maturity with starch
content being higher in fruit from non-irrigated trees. Total soluble solids and total
titratable acidity increased initially and decreased to constant low levels. No ethylene
was detected, although respiration rate decreased towards maturity to the
climacteric minimum. Fruit from non-irrigated trees were significantly (p<0.05)
firmer than those from irrigated trees. β-Carotene and anthocyanin contents
increased with fruit maturity and the latter was higher in fruit from non-irrigated
trees. There was a high correlation between the increase in firmness and starch, r2
=
0.86 and 0.96 for fruit from irrigated and non-irrigated trees, respectively. The
abscission rate was also higher among fruit in the irrigated trees, probably due to
excess weight. Fruit from irrigated trees did not develop the characteristic colour
associated with this variety. These results indicate that although irrigation results in
slightly bigger fruit, it affects colour development due to increased canopy cover and
fruit are less firmer.